- Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
- National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
- The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
- There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.
Latest Updates




- Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
- National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
- The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
- There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.


- Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
- National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
- The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
- There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.


- Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
- National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
- The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
- There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.


- Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
- National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
- The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
- There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.


Opioids for Anesthesia and Postoperative Pain Control
- Clinical gestalt can also accurately assess the pretest probability of PE.
- For patients with a low pretest probability of PE, the Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria can be used to rule out PE without further testing including no need to order a D-dimer.
- The YEARS protocol may be used to exclude a subset of patients from having a workup to rule out PE when their D-dimer is less than 1000 as opposed to 500.
- Intravenous alteplase, catheter-directed thrombolysis, surgical embolectomy, and catheter-directed embolectomy are treatment modalities for patients with PE who are hemodynamically unstable.
- For patients in imminent or actual PE-related cardiac arrest, current guidelines recommend a bolus regimen consisting of 50 mg IV t-PA given over two minutes and repeated after 15 minutes in the absence of return of spontaneous circulation.
- A subset of patients with PE can be treated as outpatients if their Simplified Pulmonary Severity Index is 0.


- Emphasis on landmark clinical trials in metastatic prostate cancer (especially since 2010)
- Critical analysis and summary of PSA-based prostate cancer screening
- Advances and integration of genomic sciences in early and advanced stages of prostate cancer