Latest Updates

Sepsis

    • Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
    • National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
    • The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
    • There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.

Sepsis

    • Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
    • National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
    • The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
    • There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.

Sepsis

    • Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
    • National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
    • The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
    • There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.

Sepsis

    • Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
    • National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
    • The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
    • There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.

Sepsis

    • Sepsis syndromes have been redefined (Sepsis-3 definitions) by international experts, based on sepsis mortality data extracted large administrative databases.
    • National focus has turned to early identification of sepsis as a key determinant of outcomes. International critical care experts have recommended using the qSOFA criteria in the Emergency Department setting to identify sepsis risk in patients prior to obtaining diagnostics.
    • The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has added a sepsis quality measure (SEP-1) as a reporting requirement for all US hospital tied to Medicare & Medicaid reimbursement. This measure has increased awareness of sepsis performance and focused quality efforts on improvement.
    • There have been new studies investigating the effect of time-to-antibiotics on mortality with focus on elements of the 3 h and 6 h sepsis treatment bundles. A large retrospective study in New York state showed that timely delivery of the 3-hour bundle (lactate measurement, blood cultures, antibiotics) lead to improved outcomes, whereas timely delivery of the 6-hour bundle (30 mL/kg fluid bolus, timely vasopressor therapy) did not.

Opioids for Anesthesia and Postoperative Pain Control

    • Clinical gestalt can also accurately assess the pretest probability of PE.
    • For patients with a low pretest probability of PE, the Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria can be used to rule out PE without further testing including no need to order a D-dimer.
    • The YEARS protocol may be used to exclude a subset of patients from having a workup to rule out PE when their D-dimer is less than 1000 as opposed to 500.
    • Intravenous alteplase, catheter-directed thrombolysis, surgical embolectomy, and catheter-directed embolectomy are treatment modalities for patients with PE who are hemodynamically unstable.
    • For patients in imminent or actual PE-related cardiac arrest, current guidelines recommend a bolus regimen consisting of 50 mg IV t-PA given over two minutes and repeated after 15 minutes in the absence of return of spontaneous circulation.
    • A subset of patients with PE can be treated as outpatients if their Simplified Pulmonary Severity Index is 0.

Late Stage Prostate Cancer

    • Emphasis on landmark clinical trials in metastatic prostate cancer (especially since 2010)
    • Critical analysis and summary of PSA-based prostate cancer screening
    • Advances and integration of genomic sciences in early and advanced stages of prostate cancer

Late Stage Prostate Cancer

    • Emphasis on landmark clinical trials in metastatic prostate cancer (especially since 2010)
    • Critical analysis and summary of PSA-based prostate cancer screening
    • Advances and integration of genomic sciences in early and advanced stages of prostate cancer
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