- HEV is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide but is largely underrecognized by the medical community, especially in developed countries.
- Locally acquired hepatitis E is more common in developed countries than previously thought and can lead to unusual clinical manifestations.
- Immunocompromised patients, such as transplant recipients, are at an increased risk of complications from HEV infection, including development of chronic infection.
- A safe and effective vaccine is licensed for use in China, but has not been prequalified by the WHO, thus preventing further distribution.
Latest Updates
- Advances in genetic screening can lead to earlier and more accurate diagnosis of syndromes associated with cleft palate.
- The establishment of multidisciplinary care for patient with cleft palate is important for optimal long-term outcomes.
- The Furlow palatoplasty technique lengthens the soft palate and reduces longitudinal scarring, which can result in improved velopharyngeal function.
- Water-soluble contrast medium administered orally can predict whether bowel obstruction will resolve without intervention and shorten hospitalization time.
- Although laparoscopic adhesiolysis is associated with faster recovery, some evidence suggests that the rate of bowel injury is significantly higher in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open adhesiolysis.
- Patients with colonic obstruction who undergo endoscopic placement of a self-expanding metal stent can often undergo resection with primary anastomosis during the same hospitalization.
- Water-soluble contrast medium administered orally can predict whether bowel obstruction will resolve without intervention and shorten hospitalization time.
- Although laparoscopic adhesiolysis is associated with faster recovery, some evidence suggests that the rate of bowel injury is significantly higher in patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open adhesiolysis.
- Patients with colonic obstruction who undergo endoscopic placement of a self-expanding metal stent can often undergo resection with primary anastomosis during the same hospitalization.
- HEV is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide but is largely underrecognized by the medical community, especially in developed countries.
- Locally acquired hepatitis E is more common in developed countries than previously thought and can lead to unusual clinical manifestations.
- Immunocompromised patients, such as transplant recipients, are at an increased risk of complications from HEV infection, including development of chronic infection.
- A safe and effective vaccine is licensed for use in China, but has not been prequalified by the WHO, thus preventing further distribution.
Noninvasive and Invasive Ventilatory Support I
- Heated high-flow nasal cannula for hypoxemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, and selected surgical patients
- Options for noninvasive support of respiratory failure
- Increasing sophistication of available mechanical ventilation modes
Noninvasive and Invasive Ventilatory Support II
- Lung protective ventilation
- Sedation management in mechanical ventilation
- Reduction in ventilator induced injury
- Early liberation from mechanical ventilation
Urothelial Carcinoma: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis
- Restrictions and bans on environmental, industrial and herbal medicine-related carcinogenic agents have largely eliminated these agents as drivers for urothelial cancers in industrialized countries; tobacco smoking remains the primary driver of bladder tumors in these countries.
- The diagnosis and management of urothelial carcinomas are rapidly evolving with urine- and blood-based biomarkers in development to diagnose and monitor patients with bladder tumors.
- Multimodality therapies including minimally invasive tumor resection and topical chemotherapy allow a majority of patients with bladder cancer to receive organ-sparing approaches.
